Overview:

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused the pandemic of the respiratory diseases (COVID-19) around the world since 2020 (1). The spike glycoprotein (S) of coronavirus, a type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2 is known to bind with host cells through the interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and facilitate viral entry into the host cell (2). D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been associated experimentally with higher infectivity and clinically with higher viral loads in infected individuals (3). However, variants carrying both D614G and A222V mutations in the spike protein showed increased sensitivity to convalescent sera and sera elicited by inactivated-virus vaccines, which may be caused by the A222V mutation (4).

Gene Aliases:

2019-nCoV s1, SARS-CoV-2 spike S1, SARS-CoV-2 S1, novel coronavirus spike s1, nCoV spike s1, coronavirus spike S1.

Genbank Number:

MN908947

References:

1. Zhou P, et al: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020, 579:270-89. 2. Lan J, et al: Crystal structure of the 2019-nCov spike receptor-binding domain bound with the ACE2 receptor. Nature. 2020, 581:215-220. 3. Korber B, et al: Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the covid-19 virus. Cell. 2020, 182:812-82. 4. Jiajing W, et al: The Antigenicity of Epidemic SARS-CoV-2 Variants in the United Kingdom. Frontiers in Immunology. 2021, 12:2205.