Overview:

**COVID-19 RELATION**
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate is a synthetic version of quinolyl and is a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug. The compound acts on the novel SARs-Cov-2 through different mechanisms such as altering the pH at the cell surface, hence inhibiting the viral fusion to the cell membrane receptors, inhibiting nucleic acid replication, by inducing glycosylation of viral proteins. these mechanisms ultimately stopping viral replication and viral infection achieving its antiviral effects. Currently, this compound is being scientifically scrutinized globally for its role against the Sars-Cov-2 virus.**

A lysosomotropic agent which inhibits autophagy and triggers apoptosis in a variety of cell types (1,2). Augments the anticancer activity of DNA-damaging chemotherapy (3). Anti-inflammatory activity. Decreases cell surface expression of TNFα receptors in U937 cells (4). Has been used to treat alopecia successfully (5). Clinically useful antimalaria agent. Cell permeable and active in vivo.

References:

1. P Boya et al. Mol. Cell Biol. 2005 25:1025

2. X Xie et al. PLoS One 2013 8:e55096

3. Y Pan et al. Clin. Cancer Res. 2011 150:3248

4. JY Jeong et al. Immunology 2002 105:83

5. F Stephan et al. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2013 68:1048