Overview:

RCC1, or Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 1, is a protein that plays a critical role in the cell cycle and cell division processes, particularly in the regulation of chromosome condensation and decondensation. It acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small GTPase Ran, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Ran. This exchange of nucleotides is crucial for the regulation of various cellular functions, including nucleocytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle formation, and cell cycle progression. RCC1 is essential for maintaining the balance of RanGTP and RanGDP in the cell, which in turn regulates the proper localization of proteins within the nucleus and cytoplasm. Dysfunction of RCC1 can lead to abnormal chromosome condensation, altered nuclear transport, and cell cycle defects, ultimately contributing to genomic instability and various diseases, including cancer.

Genbank Number:

P18754

References:

1. Bischoff FR, Klebe C, Kretschmer J, et al. "RanGAP1 induces GTPase activity of nuclear Ras-related Ran." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91(7):2587-2591. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2587
2. Moore W, Zhang C, Clarke PR. "Targeting of RCC1 to chromosomes is required for proper mitotic spindle assembly in human cells." Curr Biol. 2002;12(17):1442-1447. doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01098-5
3. Carazo-Salas RE, Guarguaglini G, Gruss OJ, et al. "Generation of GTP-bound Ran by RCC1 is required for chromatin-induced mitotic spindle formation." Nature. 1999;400(6740):178-181. doi:10.1038/22113